Pharmacology Of Amdinocillin

Indication	Used in the treatment of urinary tract infections caused by some strains of E. coli and klebsiella and enterobacter species. Used mainly against Gram negative organisms.
Pharmacodynamics	Amdinocillin is a novel, semisynthetic penicillin effective against many gram-negative bacteria. The antibacterial activity of amdinocillin is derived from its ability to bind specifically and avidly to Penicillin Binding Protein-2 (PBP 2). Amdinocillin is active alone against many gram-negative organisms. Pseudomonas and non-fermenting gram-negative bacteria, however, are usually resistant. Amdinocillin, in combination with many beta-lactams, exhibits marked synergy against many enterobacteriaceae. No such synergy can be demonstrated for gram-positive organisms or pseudomonas species. Amdinocillin is not beta-lactamase stable. Organisms which produce high levels of plasma-mediated beta-lactamase are resistant to the drug. Co-administration of probenecid results in markedly elevated plasma levels of amdinocillin and delays its excretion.
Mechanism of action	Amdinocillin is a stong and specific antagonist of Penicillin Binding Protein-2 (PBP 2). It is active against gram negative bacteria, preventing cell wall synthesis by inhibiting the activity of PBP2. PBP2 is a peptidoglycan elongation initiating enzyme. Peptidoglycan is a polymer of sugars and amino acids that is the main component of bacterial cell walls.
Absorption	Poorly absorbed if given orally.
Volume of distribution	Not Available
Protein binding	Not Available
Metabolism	Not Available
Route of elimination	Not Available
Half life	Approximately 1 hour in patients with normal renal function. Increases to 3 to 6 hours in anephric patients.
Clearance	Not Available
Toxicity	Not Available